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2.
São Paulo med. j ; 140(1): 5-11, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357471

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Considerable numbers of individuals present low vision, blindness, illiteracy and other conditions that could possibly impair their identification of medications, such as eye drops. Through helping these individuals to identify their eye drops, they can achieve greater autonomy. Misidentification can be avoided through use of multisensory sleeves that can be adapted to most eye drop bottles. Correct use of eye drops is important for preventing progression of diseases like glaucoma that could potentially lead to blindness. OBJECTIVE: To develop bottle sleeves to aid in identification of eye drops and then interview a group of possible users to evaluate the acceptance of the solution. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey performed at an ophthalmological clinic in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS: We describe the development of multisensory sleeves to assist in identification of eye drops. To assess the acceptance of this solution, we interviewed 18 patients who were currently using three or more types of eye drops. RESULTS: We developed four prototypes for eye drop bottle sleeves and conducted an acceptance test on them. Most of the patients who answered the survey about the sleeves were elderly. Most (95%) reported believing that the sleeves would help reduce the risk of mixing up eye drops with other medications that also dispense drops. They also believed that these would increase their autonomy in using eye drops. CONCLUSION: The solution presented was well accepted and may help increase safety in using eye drops through preventing misidentification.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0044, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387972

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of two different doses of topical cyclosporine A used in addition to artificial tears in the treatment of patients with meibomian dysfunction and secondary dry eye. Methods: Fifty patients aged 18 to 40 years, who presented to our clinic between June 2020 and June 2021 were included in our study. Patients were divided into two groups as Group A (topical cyclosporine A 0.05%) and Group B (topical cyclosporine A 0.1%). All the patients underwent a detailed ophthalmological examination, basal Ocular Surface Disease Index measurement, and Schirmer 1 and tear break-up time tests at all visits. Results: The mean age was 32±7.1 years in Group A and 30.7±8.5 years in Group B. In Group A, there were 15 women and ten men, and Group B consisted of 14 women and 11 men. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age and gender distribution (p>0.05). Schirmer 1 and tear break-up time results and Ocular Surface Disease Index score also did not significantly differ between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Cyclosporine A 0.05% and 0.1% eye drops were both seen to be effective in managing dry eye disease in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction.


RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a eficácia clínica de duas doses diferentes de ciclosporina A tópica utilizada além da lágrima artificial no tratamento de pacientes com disfunção da glândula tarsal e olho seco secundário. Métodos: No estudo, foram incluídos 50 pacientes com idades entre 18 e 40 anos, que se apresentaram em nossa clínica entre junho de 2020 e junho de 2021. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo A (ciclosporina A 0,05% tópica) e Grupo B (ciclosporina A 0,1% tópica). Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a um exame oftalmológico detalhado, medição basal do Índice de Doença da Superfície Ocular, e testes de Schirmer 1 e de tempo de ruptura em todas as visitas. Resultados: A idade média foi de 32±7,1 anos no Grupo A e 30,7±8,5 anos no Grupo B. No Grupo A, havia 15 mulheres e dez homens, e o Grupo B consistia de 14 mulheres e 11 homens. Não havia diferença significativa entre os grupos em termos de distribuição por idade e gênero (p>0,05). Os resultados do Schirmer 1 e do tempo de ruptura e do Índice de Doenças da Superfície Ocular também não apresentaram diferença significativa entre os grupos (p>0,05). Conclusão: Observou-se que os colírios de ciclosporina A 0,05% e 0,1% são eficazes no tratamento da síndrome do olho seco em pacientes com disfunção da glândula tarsal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy , Cyclosporine/administration & dosage , Ophthalmic Solutions , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Tears/metabolism , Dry Eye Syndromes/etiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Meibomian Gland Dysfunction/complications
4.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(4)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409017

ABSTRACT

El edema macular es el engrosamiento anormal de la mácula asociado con la acumulación de líquido en el espacio extracelular de la retina neurosensorial. En algunos casos también se ha observado edema intracelular que comprende las células de Muller. Una de estas causas es el edema macular poscirugía de catarata. Presentamos un caso masculino de 57 años de edad de la raza negra con antecedentes de haber sido operado de catarata en ambos ojos. El ojo izquierdo carecía de visión a causa de un rechazo al trasplante corneal penetrante que le fue realizado. El ojo derecho presentaba edema macular con subluxación de la lente intraocular. Le realizamos biomicroscopia de segmento anterior y posterior, tomografía de coherencia óptica, agudeza visual con corrección y presión intraocular. Se constató edema macular con membrana epirretinal y subluxación de la lente intraocular. Decidimos fijar la lente a la esclera utilizando la técnica de Yamane, ya que se trataba de una lente de 3 piezas de acrílico con háptica de fluoruro de polivinildeno configuración en C (CT Lucia 602 de Zeiss), ideal para esta técnica. Colocamos una dosis de Ozurdex en el ojo derecho para tratar el edema macular, después de ver que los colirios tópicos antinflamatorios no fueron efectivos en este caso, y tuvimos una mejoría del edema por aproximadamente 3 meses. En el edema macular posquirúrgico no solo es necesario tratar la inflamación, sino también la causa que la ha producido(AU)


Macular edema is the abnormal thickening of the macula associated to fluid accumulation in the extracellular space of the neurosensory retina. Some cases also present intracellular edema with involvement of Müller cells. One of these causes is macular edema after cataract surgery. A case is presented of a male 57-year-old patient of black skin color with a history of cataract surgery in both eyes. The left eye had no vision, due to rejection to the penetrating corneal transplantation performed. The right eye presented macular edema with intraocular lens subluxation. Examination included biomicroscopy of the anterior and posterior segments, optical coherence tomography, visual acuity with correction and intraocular pressure. A diagnosis was confirmed of macular edema with epiretinal membrane and intraocular lens subluxation. It was decided to fix the lens to the sclera using the Yamane technique, since it was a three-piece lens with a C-shaped polyvinylidene fluoride haptic (CT Lucia 602 from Zeiss), ideal for this technique. An Ozurdex dose was administered in the right eye to treat the macular edema, since topical anti-inflammatory eyedrops were not effective in this case, and improvement of the edema was achieved for about three months. In postoperative macular edema, it is not only necessary to treat the inflammation, but also its cause(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Vitrectomy/methods , Macular Edema/etiology , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Intraocular Pressure
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(3): 613-621, May-June 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1278361

ABSTRACT

The objective in this study was to evaluate the clinic effect of applying allogenic platelet-rich plasma (PRP) heated or not, for treating cornea ulcers, including the dosage of PDGF-BB in the cornea. The ulcers were induced, standardizing the left eye from 81 rats (Ratus norvegicus, albinus variety), assigned randomly into three groups (N=27): control group (CG) which did not receive any topic treatment; heated PRP group (GA) and PRP group (GP), which received topical treatment every eight hours for five days. Each group underwent evaluation at 24 hours (M1), three days (M3) and five days (M5). The clinical exam evaluated the opacity, vascularization and corneal repair. The corneal PDGF-BB was dosed through the ELISA method. The corneal opacity was decreased in PRP-treated animals (GA and GP) and corneal repair time reduced when compared to CG at M1 and M5. Furthermore, GP showed greater vascularization at M3 compared to M1. Applied allogenic PRP eye drops, heated or not, speed up corneal healing, and reduce corneal repair time. However, the corneal PDGF concentration was not altered in any of the treatments.(AU)


Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito clínico da aplicação de plasma rico em plaquetas alogênico (PRP) aquecido ou não, no tratamento de úlceras de córnea, como a dosagem de PDGF-BB na córnea. As úlceras foram induzidas, padronizando-se o olho esquerdo de 81 ratos (Rattus norvegicus, variedade albinus), aleatoriamente, nos três grupos (N = 27): grupo controle (CG), que não recebeu nenhum tratamento tópico; grupo PRP aquecido (GA) e grupo PRP (GP), que receberam tratamento tópico a cada oito horas, durante cinco dias. Cada grupo foi subdividido em 24 horas (M1), três dias (M3) e cinco dias (M5). O exame clínico avaliou a opacidade, a vascularização e o reparo corneano. O PDGF-BB corneano foi dosado pelo método Elisa. Houve diminuição da opacidade da córnea nos animais tratados com PRP (GA e GP) e diminuição do tempo de reparo da córnea em comparação com CG, M1 e M5. Além disso, foi observada maior vascularização no GP no momento M3 em relação ao M1. A aplicação de colírios de PRP alogênico, aquecidos ou não, acelera a cicatrização da córnea, além de reduzir o tempo de reparo da córnea. No entanto, a concentração de PDGF na córnea não se alterou em nenhum dos tratamentos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/analysis , Corneal Ulcer/chemically induced , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Animals, Laboratory
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 12-16, jan.-fev. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251322

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil clínico, epidemiológico e o impacto econômico do surto de conjuntivite no período 2017-2018 no município de Recife-PE. Métodos: Estudo transversal com base na análise de prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico de conjuntivite, atendidos na emergência da Fundação Altino Ventura entre dezembro/2017 e março/2018. Os dados coletados incluíram manifestações oculares no exame, complicações subsequentes, manejo e dias de licença médica. Resultados: Dos 12.712 pacientes atendidos na FAV entre dezembro de 2017 e março de 2018, 6.359 (50,0%) foram diagnosticados com conjuntivite, dos quais 3.543 pacientes (55,7%) foram atendimentos únicos. A média de idade dos pacientes ao atendimento foi de 29,5 ± 14,1 anos (variação, 1-85 anos), com distribuição semelhante entre os sexos (2.288 casos [50,1%] masculino; 2.282 casos [49,9%] feminino). O diagnóstico mais comum foi conjuntivite sem pseudomembrana (5.645 casos [88,8%]). Hiperemia conjuntival (6.278 casos [98,7%]) e reação folicular (6.255 casos [98,4%]) foram os achados mais frequentes ao exame. A complicação mais frequente foi pseudomembrana (1.062 casos [16,7%]). Os colírios lubrificantes (4.308 [67,7%]) e os colírios de associação antibiótico com corticoide (2.033 [32%]) foram os mais prescritos no tratamento. A média de dias de atestado médico foi de 4,8 ± 2,9 dias (variação, 1- 47 dias) e a perda de produtividade estimada em R$1.159.329,14. Conclusão: O surto de conjuntivite em Pernambuco foi responsável por metade das consultas em um pronto-socorro oftalmológico. Surtos de conjuntivite podem causar um impacto econômico, uma vez que afeta principalmente adultos jovens em idade produtiva. As características clínicas observadas sugerem um surto de conjuntivite de etiologia viral.


Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the epidemiological and clinical profile and economic impact of the acute conjunctivitis outbreak in the period of 2017-2018 in Recife-PE. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on the analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed with conjunctivitis at the emergency room of the Altino Ventura Foundation (FAV) between December 2017 and March 2018. The collected data included ocular manifestations at examination, subsequent complications, management, and days of sick leave. Results: Out of 12,712 patients assisted at FAV from December 2017 to March 2018, 6,359 (50.0%) were diagnosed with conjunctivitis. The mean age of patients was 29.5 ± 14.1 years (range, 01-85 years), with similar distribution between sex (2,288 50.1% male; 2,282 49.9% female). The most common diagnosis was non-pseudomembranous conjunctivitis (5,645 cases 88.8%). Conjunctival hyperemia (6,278 cases 98.7%) and follicular reaction (6,255 cases 98.4%) were the most frequent ocular findings. The most common complication was pseudomembrane in 1,062 cases (16.7%). Lubricants (4,308 67.7%) and antibiotic associated to corticosteroid eyedrops (2,033 32.0%) were the most prescribed medications. The average days of sick leave per patient was 4.8 ± 2.9 days (range, 1- 47 days) and the productivity loss estimated in R$1.159.329,14. Conclusion: The conjunctivitis outbreak in Pernambuco, Brazil was responsible for half of the consultations in an ophthalmic emergency room. Conjunctivitis outbreaks may cause an economic impact as it mostly affects young adults in their productive ages and take in average a 5-day sick leave. The clinical characteristics observed suggest an outbreak of conjunctivitis of viral etiology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Sick Leave/economics , Conjunctivitis/diagnosis , Conjunctivitis/drug therapy , Conjunctivitis/epidemiology , Lubricant Eye Drops/therapeutic use , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies
7.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(4): 258-262, July-Aug. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137973

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the adherence to clinical glaucoma treatment in patients that benefit from the Brazilian National Glaucoma Program and receive antiglaucomatous eye drops free of charge. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 255 patients that benefit from the Brazilian National Glaucoma Program (BNGP) and were assisted at the Altino Ventura Foundation (FAV), Pernambuco state, Brazil. The Morisky's Adhesion Scale (MAS) was used to evaluate adhesion profile to treatment. Patients with a Morisky's Adhesion score ≥ 6 was considered adherent to treatment. The analyzed variables included sex, educational level, distance from home to the treatment center, number of eye drops used, time since the glaucoma diagnosis, patients' subjective classification of their quality of vision, and prevalence of other comorbidities. Results: A total of 255 patients [167 (65.4%) females] were included in this study with a mean age was 65.9 ± 13.8 years (range, 11-99 years). Adherence to clinical glaucoma treatment was seen in 155 patients (60.8%). Worse adherence to treatment was observed in female patients (p=0.034), with low education level (p=0.046), who presented other comorbidities (p=0.048), living in remote areas (p=0.038), judged their vision as satisfactory (p=0.046), and who were recently diagnosed with glaucoma (p=0.001). Conclusion: 40% of patients who benefited from the Brazilian National Glaucoma Program were not compliant to treatment. Low adhesion rate was mostly seen in female patients, socially vulnerable, living in remote areas, recently diagnosed with glaucoma, using fewer eyedrops, presenting other comorbidities, and in those that considering themselves of having a satisfactory vision.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a adesão ao tratamento clínico do glaucoma em uma população que recebe colírios antiglaucomatosos gratuitamente pelo Programa Nacional do Glaucoma (PNG). Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu 255 pacientes inscritos no PNG e acompanhados na Fundação Altino Ventura, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. A Escala de Adesão de Morisky (EAM) foi usada para avaliar a adesão ao tratamento. Pacientes que pontuavam ≥ 6 na EAM eram considerados aderentes ao tratamento. As variáveis analisadas incluíram: gênero, escolaridade, distância entre a moradia e o centro de referência, número de colírios utilizados, tempo de diagnóstico de glaucoma, qualidade subjetiva da visão e prevalência de doenças sistêmicas associadas. Resultados: Total de 255 pacientes [167 (65,4%) mulheres] foram incluídos no estudo, com média de idade dos participantes de 65,9 ± 13,8 anos (variação, 11-99 anos). A adesão ao tratamento clínico do glaucoma foi encontrada em 155 pacientes (60,8%). Pior adesão foi identificada em pacientes do sexo feminino (p=0,034), com baixa escolaridade (p=0,046), com outras comorbidades (p=0,048), que moravam longe do centro de tratamento (p=0,038), apresentavam boa qualidade de visão subjetiva (p=0,046) e apresentavam diagnóstico recente de glaucoma (p=0,001). Conclusão: Quarenta por cento (40%) dos pacientes beneficiados do PNG não estão aderentes ao tratamento. A baixa taxa de adesão foi associada a pacientes do sexo feminino, com baixa escolaridade, vivendo longe do centro de tratamento, com diagnóstico recente de glaucoma, em uso de poucos colírios antiglaucomatosos e que apresentavam comorbidades.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Patient Compliance , Medication Adherence , National Health Programs , Cross-Sectional Studies
8.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 33(2): e813, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1139071

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar los resultados alcanzados con la utilización de la puntoplastia en dos cortes modificada en el manejo de los pacientes con estenosis de los puntos y canalículos lagrimales inferiores. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de una serie de casos, en el Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico "Comandante Manuel Fajardo", desde enero del año 2016 a diciembre de 2018. La muestra quedó conformada por 22 pacientes (38 ojos), sometidos a la técnica quirúrgica, y fue caracterizada de acuerdo con la edad, el sexo, el color de la piel, la bilateralidad, la localización anatómica de la obstrucción, los antecedentes patológicos personales, las complicaciones y la evaluación funcional final. Resultados: De un total de 22 pacientes, 17 estuvieron entre las edades de 60 y 79 años, el 72,7 por ciento del sexo femenino y el 86,4 por ciento con piel de color blanco. La blefaritis fue el principal antecedente oftalmológico encontrado (18,2 por ciento), la obstrucción fue bilateral en el 72,7 por ciento de los casos, y fundamentalmente a nivel del punto lagrimal (16 casos). El 86,8 por ciento no mostró complicaciones posoperatorias; 3 casos presentaron extrusión del tutor de silicona, los cuales estuvieron en relación con el fallo en el resultado final. En el 92,1 por ciento se constató el éxito de la cirugía. Conclusiones: La estenosis de la vía lagrimal se produce principalmente en mujeres, de raza blanca, mayores de 60 años y sin antecedentes patológicos referidos. La afectación es más frecuente a nivel del punto lagrimal. Con la técnica quirúrgica se logra un resultado excelente y con complicaciones mínimas(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective: Determine the results achieved by modified two-snip punctoplasty in the management of patients with stenosis of inferior lacrimal points and canaliculi. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted of a case series at Comandante Manuel Fajardo Clinical Surgical University Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. The sample was 22 patients (38 eyes) undergoing the surgical technique. The variables studied were age, sex, skin color, bilaterality, anatomical location of the obstruction, personal pathological antecedents, complications and final functional evaluation. Results: Of the total 22 patients, 17 were in the 60-79 years age group, 72.7 percent were female and 86.4 percent were white. Blepharitis was the main ophthalmological antecedent (18.2 percent). Obstruction was bilateral in 72.7 percent of the cases, fundamentally at the lacrimal punctum (16 cases). 86.8 percent did not have any postoperative complication, whereas 3 presented extrusion of the silicone tutor. These were related to failure in the final result. Surgery was successful in 92.1 percent of the cases. Conclusions: Lacrimal duct stenosis prevails in white skin women aged over 60 years without reported pathological antecedents. The disorder is more common at the lacrimal punctum. The surgical technique used achieves excellent results with minimum complications(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Blepharitis/etiology , Canaliculitis/surgery , Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases/diagnosis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
9.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(1): 53-55, Jan.-Feb. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092660

ABSTRACT

Resumo A reversão da escavação é uma entidade rara que se refere à redução da escavação do disco óptico em resposta à diminuição sustentada dos níveis de pressão intra-ocular (PIO), em cerca de 25% da PIO basal. A ocorrência deste fenômeno apenas com o tratamento clínico é pouco relatada na literatura, Este estudo relata um caso de um paciente com glaucoma juvenil, que apresentou à gonioscopia ângulo aberto e tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) com uma diminuição significativa na camada de fibras nervosas retinianas em ambos os olhos. Após um ano utilizando análogos de prostaglandina tópica e manutenção de níveis baixos de PIO, ocorreu diminuição da escavação do nervo óptico, que foi confirmada pelos padrões topográficos da OCT. O "reversal of cupping" é um sinal da diminuição da tensão ao nível da lâmina crivosa e está provavelmente associada a uma redução do risco para a progressão do glaucoma a longo prazo, sem melhora da função visual.


Abstract Reversal of cupping is a rare entity, characterized by the reduction of optical disc cupping in response to sustained decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) levels by 25% of the basal IOP. The occurrence of this phenomenon with clinical treatment is rarely reported in the literature. This study reports a case of a patient with juvenile glaucoma with augmented cupping, significant decrease in the retinal nerve fiber layer in both eyes and altered topografic measures in optical coherence tomography (OCT). After one year using topical prostaglandin analog and keeping low IOP levels, a decrease in optic nerve cupping was detected in rethinography, confirmed by the improvement of OCT topographic measures. Reversal of cupping is a sign of decreased tension at the level of the lamina cribosa and is probably associated with a reduced risk for long-term progression of glaucoma without improvement of visual function.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Optic Disk/pathology , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Ophthalmoscopy , Prostaglandins, Synthetic/therapeutic use , Timolol/therapeutic use , Tonometry, Ocular , Visual Acuity , Glaucoma/physiopathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Fundus Oculi , Gonioscopy
11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(5): 436-445, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019427

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of using preservative-free artificial tears versus preserved lubricants for the treatment of dry eyes in Universidade Federal de Alagoas (PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018089933). Online databases were searched (LILACS, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL) from inception to April 2018; references from included papers were also searched. The following keywords were used: lubricants OR artificial tears OR artificial tears, lubricants AND dry eye OR dry eye syndrome OR syndromes, dry eye OR dry eyes. Among the 2028 electronic search results, 29 full papers were retrieved and four were considered relevant. The number of participants from these studies ranged from 15 to 76. Meta-analysis was possible for the following outcomes: score of symptoms according to the Ocular Surface Disease Index - Allergan (OSDI), tear secretion rate using the Schirmer test, tear evaporation rate using the tear film breakup time test, burning, foreign body sensation, and photophobia. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups, and no side effects were attributed to the interventions. Evidence proving that preservative-free artificial tears are more effective than preserved artificial tears is lacking.


RESUMO Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do uso de lágrimas artificiais sem conservantes em comparação com lubrificantes preservados no tratamento do olho seco na Universidade Federal de Alagoas (PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018089933). As bases de dados online foram pesquisadas (LILACS, EMBASE, MEDLINE e CENTRAL) desde o início até abril de 2018; referências de artigos incluídos também foram pesquisadas. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: lubrificantes OU lágrimas artificiais OU lágrimas artificiais, lubrificantes E olho seco OU síndrome do olho seco OU síndromes, olho seco OU olhos secos. Dos 2028 resultados de busca eletrônica, 29 artigos completos foram recuperados, e quatro foram considerados relevantes. O número de participantes desses estudos variou de 15 e 76. A meta-análise foi possível para as seguintes variáveis: escore de desfecho dos sintomas de acordo com o Índice de Doença da Superfície Ocular - Allergan (OSDI), taxa de secreção lacrimal pelo teste de Schirmer, taxa de evaporação lacrimal usando o teste de tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal, queimação, sensação de corpo estranho e fotofobia. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significativa foi observada entre os dois grupos, e nenhum efeito adverso foi atribuído às intervenções. Evidências provando que as lágrimas artificiais sem conservantes são mais eficazes do que as lágrimas artificiais preservadas estão faltando.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ophthalmic Solutions/pharmacology , Preservatives, Pharmaceutical/pharmacology , Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy , Lubricant Eye Drops/pharmacology , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Preservatives, Pharmaceutical/therapeutic use , Tears , Bias , Lubricant Eye Drops/therapeutic use
12.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(6): 320-323, nov.-dez. 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-985314

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivos: Avaliar o grau de contaminação por fungos e bactérias e o modo de conservação destes colírios hipotensores por parte dos pacientes no ambulatório de Glaucoma da Santa Casa de Ribeirão Preto. Métodos: Foram selecionados aleatoriamente cinquenta e cinco pacientes, em seguimento no ambulatório, e após consentimento dos mesmos os colírios eram coletados e enviados via correio para análise por microbiologista e patologista em até 72 horas. Foi analisado 0,5ml aproximadamente das medicações e os pacientes respondiam a um questionário simples sobre o método de conservação e se consideravam estes adequados. Resultados: Dos 55 colírios analisados, cinco (9,01%) estavam com seu conteúdo líquido contaminado. Entre os microrganismos isolados haviam 4 bactérias Gram negativas, sendo 1 (1,8%) por Serratia marcescens, 1 (1,8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa e 2 (3,6%) Stenotrophomas maltophilia. Um colírio estava contaminado pelo fungo Cândida ssp Todos pacientes do estudo julgam seus métodos de armazenamento e instilação adequados. Os pacientes que tiveram os colírios positivados eram convocados para exame clínico e passavam por novo questionário pelo investigador. Conclusão: O tempo de abertura dos frascos e os métodos de conservação influenciam na contaminação dos medicamentos, todos os colírios com crescimento de microrganismos no presente estudo estavam abertos entre 30 e 90 dias. O fato de que a maioria dos pacientes levam seus colírios em tarefas cotidianas, aumenta a exposição dos frascos e podem ser um fator relevante para determinar a contaminação destas medicações.


Abstract Objetives: To assess the degree of fungal and bacterial contamination of hypotensive eye drops and the way these are preserved by the patients at the Glaucoma outpatient clinic of Santa Casa Hospital in Ribeirão Preto. Methods: Fifty-five patients were randomly assigned to follow-up in the outpatient clinic and, after their consent, an eye drop was collected per patient and later sent by mail for analysis by microbiologist and pathologist in up to 72 hours. Approximately 0.5ml of the medications were analyzed and the patients were asked to answer a simple questionnaire on the method of drug conservation and whether they considered it adequate. Results: Of the 55 analysed eye drops, five (9.01%) had their liquid contents contaminated. Among the microorganisms isolated there were 4 Gram negative bacteria, 1 (1.8%) by Serratia marcenses, 1 (1.8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 2 (3.6%) Stenotrophomas maltophilia. An eye drop was contaminated by the fungus Candida ssp. All the patients in the study judged their methods of storage and instillation appropriate. The patients who had the positive coliria were summoned for clinical examination and passed through a new questionnaire by the investigator. Conclusion: The time and methods of preservation influence the contamination of medicinal products. All the eye drops that presented growth of microorganisms in the present study were open between 30 and 90 days. The fact that most patients take their eye drops on daily tasks increases the exposure of the bottles and can be a relevant fact to determine the contamination of these medications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Ophthalmic Solutions/analysis , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Drug Contamination , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Serratia marcescens/growth & development , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Candida/growth & development , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia/growth & development , Drug Storage , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Fungi/isolation & purification
13.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(6): 490-493, Nov.-Dec. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973846

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate whether any topical anti-glaucoma medications increase the risk of lacrimal drainage system obstruction or whether the presence of preservatives alone is sufficient to generate obstruction. Methods: This nested case-control study compared a group of patients with lacrimal duct obstruction who received topical anti-glaucoma medications to a control group of patients without obstruction. Results: The medical records of 255 patients with glaucoma who consulted the Oculoplastic Section with complaints of watery eyes were reviewed. Among these patients, 59 exhibited lacrimal drainage obstruction. Ninety-four percent of patients with lacrimal drainage obstruction used beta-blockers, and 41% used prostaglandin analogs. A logistic regression model was used to adjust for age, sex, and the use of other medications. No significant differences were observed regarding the topical anti-glaucoma medications used between groups. Conclusion: No single topical anti-glaucoma medication demonstrated a stronger association with the development of lacrimal duct obstruction.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se algum medicamento tópico anti-glaucoma aumenta o risco de obstrução do sistema de drenagem lacrimal ou se a presença de conservantes é su fi cien te para gerar obstrução. Métodos: Este estudo de caso-controle aninhado comparou um grupo de pacientes com obstrução do ducto lacrimal que receberam medicações tópicas anti-glaucoma contra um grupo controle de pacientes sem obstrução. Resultados: Foram revistos os prontuários de 255 pacientes com glaucoma que consultaram a Seção de Oculoplástica com queixas de olhos lacrimejantes. Dentre esses pacientes, 59 apresentavam obstrução da via lacrimal de drenagem. Noventa e quatro por cento dos pacientes com obstrução usaram betabloqueadores e 41% usaram análogos de prostaglandinas. Um modelo de regressão logística foi utilizado para ajustar a idade, sexo e o uso de outros medicamentos. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas em relação às medicações tópicas anti-glaucoma usadas entre os grupos. Conclusão: Nenhum medicamento anti-glaucoma tópico único demonstrou uma associação mais forte com o desenvolvimento de obstrução do ducto lacrimal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Lacrimal Duct Obstruction/complications , Preservatives, Pharmaceutical/therapeutic use , Prostaglandins, Synthetic/therapeutic use , Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Case-Control Studies , Glaucoma/complications , Retrospective Studies , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Administration, Ophthalmic
14.
Homeopatia Méx ; 87(713): 39-44, abr. - jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, HomeoIndex | ID: biblio-995363

ABSTRACT

El presente artículo muestra los resultados de un estudio que evaluó la efectividad de un medicamento oftálmico homeopático (Eye Drops #2®) en pacientes con conjuntivitis alérgica. 33 personas con antecedentes de respuesta positiva a la aplicación vía tópica ocular de alergeno se evaluaron a través de un modelo aleatorizado, doble ciego y controlado con placebo. Los participantes recibieron un alergeno solubilizado en dos visitas distintas, a fin de evaluar factores como la hiperemia conjuntival, epiescleral y ciliar, así como la quemosis, la hinchazón del párpado, el lagrimeo y la picazón. Luego de esto se les asignaron aleatoriamente dos frascos enmascarados con la indicación de que el contenido de uno se aplicaría en el glóbulo ocular derecho y el otro en el izquierdo (uno contenía el medicamento y el otro placebo). En una tercera visita, posterior al tratamiento, se evaluaron la comodidad y la seguridad del tratamiento, además de que se aplicó una dosis final de alergeno. Los resultados finales mostraron una reducción estadísticamente significativa de los síntomas y los signos de la conjuntivitis alérgica inducida durante la visita 3, por lo que el producto parece ser cómodo y seguro de usar. (AU)


This article presents the results of a study that evaluated the effectiveness of a homeopathic ophthalmic medication (Eye Drops #2®) in patients with allergic conjunctivitis. 33 subjects with a history of positive response to topical ocular allergen challenge were evaluated in a randomised, double-masked, placebo-controlled study. The subjects received a solubilized allergen in two different visits, to evaluate factors such as conjunctival, episcleral, and ciliary hyperemia, chemosis, eyelid swelling, tearing, and itching. After this, the subjects were randomly assigned to two masked bottles labeled right and left, one containing the active drug and the other containing a placebo. On a third visit, after the treatment, comfort and safety were assessed, and a final dose of allergen was applied. The final results showed a statistically significant reduction in the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis induced during visit 3, so the product seems to be comfortable and safe to use. (AU)


Subject(s)
Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Conjunctivitis , Homeopathy , Hypersensitivity
15.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 30(4): 1-6, oct.-dic. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-901391

ABSTRACT

La presente revisión tiene como objetivo presentar las nuevas opciones terapéuticas para el tratamiento del glaucoma. El tratamiento médico del glaucoma ha experimentado una evolución sorprendente a partir de la aparición de nuevos colirios hipotensores. Diferentes firmas investigan actualmente las opciones terapéuticas más sencillas, eficaces y mejor toleradas por los pacientes. Los análogos de las prostaglandinas se consideran la primera línea de tratamiento; sin embargo, se desarrollan nuevas drogas con resultados prometedores, como latanoprostene bunod (Vesneo), netarsudil 0,02 por ciento (Rhopressa), trabodenoson (Inotek Pharmaceutical) y otros compuestos de liberación sostenida. Se han generado innumerables ensayos clínicos, así como publicaciones que se refieren al tema en los Estados Unidos, la Unión Europea y Japón, los cuales curiosamente han sido denominados con nombres de planetas o constelaciones(AU)


The present review is aimed at presenting the new therapeutic options to treat glaucoma. Medical treatment of glaucoma has undergone surprising progress as of the emergence of new hypotensive collyriums. Various firms are currently conducting research into the simplest, most effective and best tolerated therapeutic alternatives. Prostaglandin analogues are considered to be the first line therapy, but new, promising drugs are also being developed, such as latanoprostene bunod (Vesneo), netarsudil 0.02 percent (Rhopressa), trabodenoson (Inotek Pharmaceuticals) and other sustained release compounds. A large number of clinical assays have been implemented and many publications have been made in the United States, the European Union and Japan which, curiously enough, have been given names of planets or constellations(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Trial , Glaucoma/therapy , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use
16.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(3): 154-158, May-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888114

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the efficacy of monotherapy using tacrolimus eye drops versus sodium cromoglycate for the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). Methods: Randomized double-masked controlled trial comparing the efficacy of tacrolimus 0.03% eye drops t.i.d. (Group 1) with sodium cromoglycate 4% eye drops t.i.d. (Group 2) for the symptomatic control of VKC at days 0, 15, 30, 45, and 90 of follow-up. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and other complications were evaluated to assess safety and side effects. Results: In total, 16 patients were included, with 8 enrolled in each group. Two patients from Group 2 were excluded from the analysis at days 45 and 90 because of corticosteroid use. Most patients were male (81.8%) and presented with limbal VKC (56.3%). There were statistically significant differences in favor of tacrolimus in the following severity scores: itching at day 90 (p=0.001); foreign body sensation at day 15 (p=0.042); photophobia at day 30 (p=0.041); keratitis at day 30 (p=0.048); and limbal activity at days 15 (p=0.011), 30 (p=0.007), and 45 (p=0.015). No relevant adverse effects were reported, except for a burning sensation with tacrolimus, though this did not compromise treatment compliance. Conclusion: Treatment with tacrolimus was superior to sodium cromoglycate when comparing severity scores for symptoms of itching, foreign body sensation, and photophobia, as well as for signs of limbal inflammatory activity and keratitis.


RESUMO Objetivo: Demonstrar a eficácia do colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% como único agente antialérgico versus o colírio de cromoglicato de sódio 4% no tratamento de ceratoconjuntivite primaveril (CCP). Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado duplo-mascarado comparando a eficácia do colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% 3 vezes ao dia, versus o colírio de cromoglicato 4% 3 vezes ao dia, no controle dos sintomas e sinais de pacientes com o diagnóstico de ceratoconjuntivite primaveril, durante o período de 3 meses, com avaliações nos dias 0, 15, 30, 45 e 90. Acuidade visual, pressão intraocular e outras possíveis complicações foram avaliadas para determinar segurança e efeitos adversos. Resultados: Dezesseis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, sendo que oito fizeram uso de colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% (Grupo 1) e oito fizeram uso de colírio de cromoglicato de sódio 4% (Grupo 2). Dois pacientes do Grupo 2 foram excluídos da análise dos dias 45 e 90, devido à necessidade de utilização de corticosteroide tópico. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (81,8%) e 56,3% apresentavam a doença em sua forma limbar. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os Grupos 1 e 2 em relação à graduação de severidade para os sintomas de prurido no dia 90 (p=0,001), sensação de corpo estranho no dia 15 (p=0,042), fotofobia no dia 30 (p=0,041) e para os sinais de atividade inflamatória limbar nos dias 15 (p=0,011), 30 (p=0,007) e 45 (p=0,015), e ceratite no dia 30 (p=0,048). Nenhum efeito adverso relevante foi notado, exceto queixa de queimação ocular quando da instilação de tacrolimus, o que não comprometeu à adesão ao tratamento. Conclusão: O colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% foi superior ao colírio de cromoglicato de sódio 4% comparando a graduação de severidade para os sintomas de prurido, sensação de corpo estranho e fotofobia, assim como para os sinais de atividade inflamatória limbar e ceratite, em determinados períodos de tempo durante o seguimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/drug therapy , Tacrolimus/therapeutic use , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Time Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/pathology , Visual Acuity , Double-Blind Method , Treatment Outcome , Cromolyn Sodium/therapeutic use , Statistics, Nonparametric
17.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 75(6): 432-437, nov.-dez. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-829974

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a adesão aos colírios antiglaucomatosos em pacientes do Projeto Glaucoma (Ministério da Saúde) por meio da escala de Morisky de 8 itens. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal por meio de questionário aplicado a 237 pacientes diagnosticados com glaucoma inscritos regularmente no Projeto Glaucoma do Instituto de Olhos de Maceió, adaptando a escala de Morisky já validada em português para colírios. As variáveis foram a adesão aos colírios antiglaucomatosos, idade, sexo, raça, tempo de diagnóstico do glaucoma, número de colírios utilizados, doenças sistêmicas, escolaridade, perfil de visão (ruim, razoável ou boa) e os fatores correlacionados com a adesão. A análise estatística entre as variáveis foi realizada com os testes estatísticos do Quiquadrado para as variáveis categóricas e Teste U de Mann-Whitney para as contínuas, considerando um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A adesão aos colírios foi de 54%. A idade e o número de colírios (p=0,02 e 0,03 respectivamente) foram estatisticamente relevantes, assim como a qualidade de visão também foi (p<0,001) para o não uso adequado do tratamento. O motivo mais comum tanto no grupo de aderentes como no de não aderentes foi o esquecimento (23% e 76,15% respectivamente). Conclusão: Utilizando a escala de Morisky adaptada para colírios antiglaucomatosos a adesão aos colírios foi de 54% .


ABSTRACT Objective: To determine adherence to glaucoma eye drops in patients from Glaucoma Project (Ministry of Health) by Morisky scale of 8 items. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study through a questionnaire applied to 237 patients diagnosed with glaucoma regularly enrolled in the Glaucoma Project at Institutode Olhos de Maceio, adapting the Morisky scale, already validated in Portuguese, for eyedrops. The variables were adherence to antiglaucoma eyedrops, age, sex, race, glaucoma diagnosis time, eyedrops number used, systemic diseases, education, subjective vision (categorized in bad, reasonable or good) and the factors correlated with poor adherence. Statistical analysis between variables was performed with the statistical test Chi-square test for categorical variables and test Mann-Whitney test for continuous outcomes, considering a 5% significance level. Results: The rate of adherence to the glaucoma drops was 54%. The age and number of drops (p = 0.02 and 0,03 respectively), and quality of vision (p<0,001) were statistically significant for the inappropriate use of the therapy and the most common reason both adherent group as the non-adherent was forgetfulness (23% and 76,15% respectively). Conclusion: Using the Morisky scale adapted to antiglaucoma eyedrops the adherence was 54%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Patient Compliance , Treatment Refusal , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
18.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(3): 421-431, jul.-set. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-830478

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de la remoción del cristalino en el tratamiento del cierre angular primario agudo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de serie de casos en 27 ojos de igual número de pacientes con cierre angular primario agudo, distribuidos en tres alternativas: facoemulsificación (faco n= 7), túnel esclerocorneal (túnel n= 12) y túnel postrabeculectomía (túnel pos-TBT n= 8).Se analizaron las variables presión intraocular y número de colirios hipotensores en preoperatorio y posoperatorio a la semana, al mes, a los tres y a los seis meses, al año y a los dos años, así como las variables esfera, cilindro y agudeza visual mejor corregida en preoperatorio y a los dos años posoperatorios. Resultados: la presión intraocular posoperatoria fue estable en el tiempo en los 3 grupos (12-14 mmHg). A los dos años hubo reducción significativa de presión intraocular media en grupo túnel (3,83 ± 5,27 mmHg; p= 0,032); del número de colirios hipotensores en grupo faco (1,29 a 0,14; p= 0,038) y del grupo túnel (1,33 a 0,25; p= 0,006). Se indujo miopía en grupo túnel pos-TBT (-1,16 ± 1,12 D; p= 0,028) y astigmatismo en grupo túnel (1,00 ± 1,05 D; p= 0,016). La agudeza visual mejor corregida promedio se incrementó en los tres grupos, con significación en los grupos túnel y túnel pos-TBT (p= 0,003 y p= 0,012 respectivamente). Conclusiones: en pacientes con cierre angular primario agudo, la facoemulsificación y el túnel esclerocorneal reducen la presión intraocular y el número de colirios hipotensores en el mediano plazo de dos años, a la vez que se mantiene el poder hipotensor de una filtrante previa. Las tres variantes recuperan de manera efectiva la agudeza visual, mientras se induce el error miópico de 1 dioptría en pacientes con trabeculectomía previa y astigmatismo de 1 dioptría mediante túnel esclerocorneal(AU)


Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the crystalline lens extraction in the treatment of the acute primary angle-closure. Methods: prospective, longitudinal and descriptive study of a case series of 27 eyes from the same number of patients suffering acute primary angle-closure, distributed according to three alternatives: phacoemulsification (n=7, phaco), sclerocorneal tunnel (n=12, tunnel)and postrabeculectomy tunnel ( n=8, post-TBT tunnel). The variables intraocular pressure and number of hypotensive eyedrops used in the preoperative and postoperative period were analyzed a week, a month, three months, six months, one year and two years after the surgery as well as sphere, cylinder and best corrected visual acuity in the preoperative phase and two years after surgery. Results: postoperative intraocular pressure was steady in the course of time in the three groups (12-14 mmHg). Two years later, there had been a significant reduction of average intraocular pressure in the tunnel group (3.83 ± 5.27 mmHg; p= 0.032), of the number of hypotensive eyedrops used in the phaco group (1.29 to 0.14; p= 0.038) and the tunnel group (1.33 to 0.25; p= 0.006). Myopia in the post-TBT tunnel group(-1.16 ± 1.12 D; p= 0,028) and astigmatism in the tunnel group(1.00 ± 1.05 D; p= 0.016) were both induced. The best average corrected visual acuity increased in the three groups, being significant in the tunnel and the post-TBT tunnel groups (p= 0.003 and p= 0.012, respectively. Conclusions: in those patients with acute primary angle-closure, phacoemultification and sclerocorneal tunnel reduce the intraocular pressure and the number of hypotensive eyedrops to be used in 2 years-term and the hypotensive power of a previous filtering bleb. The three variants can effectively recover the visual acuity whereas the myopic error of one diopter is induced in patients with previous trabeculectomy and one diopter astigmatism through the sclerocorneal tunnel(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/therapy , Intraocular Pressure , Lens, Crystalline/injuries , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Phacoemulsification/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Visual Acuity
19.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(2): 189-198, abr.-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791536

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar la efectividad a mediano plazo de la revisión con aguja asociada a mitomicina C en la ampolla de filtración encapsulada postrabeculectomía. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo, prospectivo de serie de casos (30 ojos, 30 pacientes), con antecedentes de quiste de Tenon a corto plazo postrabeculectomía (1 mes-1 año). Se realizó revisión con aguja asociada a inyección subconjuntival MMC 0,01 % hasta completar 3 dosis en días alternos. Se evaluaron la presión intraocular y el uso de colirios hipotensores preoperatorio y posoperatorio a la semana, 1 mes, 3 meses, 1 año y 2 años. Se definió éxito si la presión intraocular era menor de 21 mmHg sin colirio hipotensor (éxito total) y con colirios hipotensores (éxito parcial). Se registraron las complicaciones quirúrgicas. Resultados: hubo descenso significativo de la presión intraocular media preoperatoria de 27,06 ± 5,2 mmHg a 13,10 ± 3,65 mmHg, 14,83 ± 3,68 mmHg y 16,70 ± 3,38 mmHg a la semana, 1 y 3 meses posoperatorios respectivamente, y se mantuvo estable hasta 2 años (16,70 ± 2,18 mmHg); p< 0,001 para cada comparación preoperatorio vs. posoperatorio), lo que representó una reducción de la presión intraocular del 51,8 por ciento a la semana; 44,4 por ciento al mes y 37 por ciento hasta los 2 años. La media del número de colirios hipotensores se redujo significativamente de 2,0 ± 0,0 (preoperatorio) a 0,4 ± 0,0 (2 años posoperatorios), p< 0,001. El éxito fue total en el 70 por ciento de los casos y parcial en el 30 por ciento, tras 2 años posoperatorios. Las complicaciones fueron: hemorragia subconjuntival (100 por ciento de casos), atalamia (40 por ciento) y Seidel positivo (26,7 por ciento). Conclusiones: la revisión con aguja asociada a mitomicina C subconjuntival como tratamiento de la ampolla encapsulada, logra reducción del 37 por ciento de la presión intraocular durante los dos primeros años posoperatorios con un mínimo de complicaciones(AU)


Objective: to determine the medium-term effectiveness of subconjuntival mitomicyn-C associated to needle revision on encapsulated filtering bleb after trabeculectomy. Methods: prospective, descriptive and observational case series study (30 eyes, 30 patients) with a history of Tenon cyst after short term trabeculectomy (1month-1year). These patients underwent needle revision associated to subconjuntival 0,01 percent mitomycin injection to completing three doses in every other day. The intraocular pressure and the use of hypotensive drops preoperatively and postoperatively were evaluated seven days, one month, three months, one year and two years after the procedure. The success of intervention was defined as total when the intraocular pressure was less than 21mmHg without hypotensive drops and partial with hypotensive drops. Surgical complications were recorded. Results: the mean preoperative intraocular pressure decreased significantly from 27,06 ± 5,2 mmHg to 13,10 ± 3,3 mmHg, 14,83 ± 3,68 mmHg and 16,70 ± 3,38 mmHg one week, one month and three months after surgery and remained stable (16,70 ± 2,18 mmHg) for 2 years, p< 0,001 for each preoperative and postoperative comparison; this represented an intraocular pressure reduction of 51,8 percent; 44,4 percent and 37 percent after one week, one month, and up to 2 years, respectively. The mean number of hypotensive drops lowered significantly from 2,0 ± 0,0 (preoperative) to 0,4 ± 0,0 (two years after surgery), being p< 0,001. Total success was attained in 70 percent of cases and partial in 30 percent after 2 years. Surgical complications were subconjuntival haemorrhage (in all patients), atalamy (40 percent) and positive Seidel index (26,7 percent). Conclusion: subconjuntival mitomicyn-C injection-associated needle revision for encapsulated bleb reduces intraocular pressure by 37 percent during the first 2 years after the procedure with minimal complications(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Blister/therapy , Injections, Subcutaneous/statistics & numerical data , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Trabeculectomy/adverse effects , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Study , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies
20.
Rev. cuba. farm ; 49(2)abr.-jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-776402

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el colirio de ciclopentolato al 1 por ciento, se indica para medir los errores de la refracción, producir cicloplejía en procedimientos diagnósticos y también midriasis preoperatoria y postoperatoria, en el tratamiento de la uveítis y en los estados inflamatorios del iris. Objetivo: evaluar el desempeño del método de cromatografía líquida de alta resolución, aplicable al control de la calidad y estudio de estabilidad del colirio. Métodos: para cuantificar el ingrediente farmacéutico activo en el producto terminado, se empleó el método descrito en la Farmacopea de los Estados Unidos (USP 32, 2009). El estudio de vida de estante se desarrolló por un periodo de 24 meses a temperatura controlada entre 15-25 °C; mientras que el de estabilidad acelerada a 40 ± 2 °C y 75 ± 5 por ciento de humedad relativa, durante 6 meses. Resultados: los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación del desempeño del método analítico se encontraron dentro de los límites establecidos. Los resultados del estudio de estabilidad por vida de estante después de transcurridos los 24 meses indicaron que el producto mantiene los parámetros que determinan su calidad durante ese tiempo, y en los acelerados no se observó degradación significativa del producto. Conclusiones: la evaluación del desempeño del método analítico evaluado por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución demostró la confiabilidad del mismo. Se estableció 2 años como fecha de vencimiento en las condiciones señaladas(AU)


Introduction: the 1 percent cyclopentolate eye drops is indicated to measure the refractive errors, to cause cycloplexy in diagnostic procedures and also preoperative and postoperative midriasis in treating uveitis and in inflammatory conditions of the iris. Objective: to evaluate the performance of a high performance liquid chromatography applicable to the quality control and the study of the eye drops stability. Methods: with the purpose of quantifying the active ingredient in the finished product, the method described in the US Pharmacopea (USP 32,2009) was used. The shelf life study was conducted for 24 months at controlled 15-25 ºC temperature whereas the study of accelerated stability at40±2 ºC and 75± 5 percent relative humidity lasted 6 months. Results: the achieved results in the evaluation of the performance of the analytical method were within the set limits. The results for the shelf life stability after 24 months yielded that the product keeps the quality parameters during this time and in the accelerated stability study, there was no sign of significant degradation. Conclusions: the evaluation of the performance of the analytical method based on high performance liquid chromatography showed its reliability. The expiry date was set at 2 years under the stated conditions(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Ophthalmic Solutions/standards , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Quality Control , Enzyme Stability , Cyclopentolate/therapeutic use , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
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